不同切口白内障联合青光眼手术对眼表的影响

目的：探讨单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并年龄相关性白内障术后眼表的影响。

方法：随机抽取在我院行单切口和双切口白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术患者各26例26眼，对临床资料进行回顾性分析。比较两组病例术前1d和术后1wk，1、3mo时的泪膜破裂时间(break up time，BUT)，泪液分泌试验Ⅰ(SchirmerⅠ time，SⅠt)，角膜荧光素染色程度(corneal fluorescein staining，FL)等，并对结果进行统计学分析。

结果：所有入选的病例均在局部麻醉下行手术治疗，术后随访3mo。两组患者术后1wk，1mo的BUT，FL，SⅠt指标数值与术前相比均有明显差异(P<0.01)，术后3mo基本恢复术前水平。术后1wk，1mo双切口组BUT，SⅠt均明显短于单切口组(P<0.05)； FL双切口组术后1wk明显高于单切口组(P<0.05)，而术后1mo两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3mo，两组患者的BUT，FL，SⅠt相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：单切口和双切口的白内障超声乳化联合显微小梁切除术术后均对术眼眼表有影响，双切口组影响更大，且相关指标异常的高峰期出现在术后1mo之内。     

The Chinese National Twin Registry: a ‘gold mine’ for scientific research

The Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) currently includes data from 61 566 twin pair from 11 provinces or cities in China. Of these, 31 705, 15 060 and 13 531 pairs are monozygotic, same‐sex dizygotic and opposite‐sex dizygotic pairs, respectively, determined by opposite sex or intrapair similarity. Since its establishment in 2001, the CNTR has provided an important resource for analysing genetic and environmental influences on chronic diseases especially cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the CNTR has focused on collecting biologic specimens from disease‐concordant or disease‐discordant twin pairs or from twin pairs reared apart. More than 8000 pairs of these twins have been registered, and blood samples have been collected from more than 1500 pairs. In this review, we summarize the main findings from univariate and multivariate genetic effects analyses, gene–environment interaction studies, omics studies exploring DNA methylation and metabolomic markers associated with phenotypes. There remains further scope for CNTR research and data mining. The plan for future development of the CNTR is described. The CNTR welcomes worldwide collaboration.     

Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With STEMI Treated With Fibrinolysis: TREAT Trial

BackgroundThe efficacy of ticagrelor in the long-term post–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with fibrinolytic therapy remains uncertain.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ticagrelor when compared with clopidogrel in STEMI patients treated with fibrinolytic therapy.MethodsThis international, multicenter, randomized, open-label with blinded endpoint adjudication trial enrolled 3,799 patients (age <75 years) with STEMI receiving fibrinolytic therapy. Patients were randomized to ticagrelor (180-mg loading dose, 90 mg twice daily thereafter) or clopidogrel (300- to 600-mg loading dose, 75 mg daily thereafter). The key outcomes were cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke, and the same composite outcome with the addition of severe recurrent ischemia, transient ischemic attack, or other arterial thrombotic events at 12 months.ResultsThe combined outcome of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke occurred in 129 of 1,913 patients (6.7%) receiving ticagrelor and in 137 of 1,886 patients (7.3%) receiving clopidogrel (hazard ratio: 0.93; 95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 1.18; p = 0.53). The composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, severe recurrent ischemia, transient ischemic attack, or other arterial thrombotic events occurred in 153 of 1,913 patients (8.0%) treated with ticagrelor and in 171 of 1,886 patients (9.1%) receiving clopidogrel (hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.71 to 1.09; p = 0.25). The rates of major, fatal, and intracranial bleeding were similar between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups.ConclusionAmong patients age <75 years with STEMI, administration of ticagrelor after fibrinolytic therapy did not significantly reduce the frequency of cardiovascular events when compared with clopidogrel. (Ticagrelor in Patients With ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Pharmacological Thrombolysis [TREAT]; NCT02298088)     

A new lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone from Chloranthus japonicus

Chromatographic fractionation of the EtOH extracts of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chloranthus japonicus, has led to the isolation of a new lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone derivative (1). Rosmarylchloranthalactone E (1), which consists of lindenane sesquiterpenoid lactone and rosmarinic acid moieties linked via an ester bridge, was structurally elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data. Compound 1 was a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.96 ± 0.04 μM.     

绵阳市2017年男男性行为者性行为特征及无保护措施肛交影响因素

目的 了解男男性行为者(men who have sex with men ,MSM)性行为特征,分析无保护措施肛交影响因素。 方法 2017年1—10月,在四川省绵阳市采用滚雪球抽样法,进行MSM行为学及血清学的横断面抽样调查,用χ²检验、Logistic回归模型进行无保护措施肛交影响因素的单因素及多因素分析。 结果 回收有效问卷1 242份,近6个月肛交91.6%,其中71.4%有保护措施。近6个月商业性行为1.7%,其中31.6%有保护措施。近6个月异性性行为9.7%,其中30.8%有保护措施。近6个月高频率肛交24.5%,多性伴50.3%。近6个月肛交无保护措施的艾滋病病毒阳性率10.5%,高于有保护措施的1.8%(χ²=41.837,P＜0.001)。多因素分析结果,年龄＞30岁(OR=1.627,95%CI: 1.192～2.221)、使用Rush(OR=2.122, 95%CI:1.293～3.482)者近6个月无保护措施肛交可能性更大,高中及以上文化(OR=0.401,95%CI:0.269～0.600)、艾滋病防治知识全对(OR=0.639, 95%CI:0.428～0.954)、近1年接受预防服务(OR=0.537,95%CI:0.312～0.923)、近6个月多性伴(OR=0.635, 95%CI:0.480～0.841)者近6个月无保护措施肛交可能性更小。 结论 MSM性行为复杂,无保护、多性伴普遍,大年龄、低文化、艾滋病防治知识不全对、未接受预防服务者发生无保护措施肛交的风险较大,应针对性开展行为干预。     

Prenatal diagnosis of caudal regression with heterotaxy syndrome: “A mermaid with a broken heart”

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare congenital malformation with varying degrees of early gestational developmental failure. It is characterized by agenesis of the sacrum and lumbar spine, with lower limb neurological deficit and accompanying deformities of the pelvis, lower extremities, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal systems. We report a case of CRS associated with rare complex congenital heart defect, that is, heterotaxy syndrome, diagnosed prenatally.     

Genomic and Transcriptomic Landscape of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers: Subtypes and Treatment Strategies

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Post-traumatic stress disorder and its risk factors in bereaved Tibetan adolescents 3 years after the 2010 Yushu earthquake,a cross-sectional study in China

Objectives

This study examined the incidence of symptomatological post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in bereaved Tibetan adolescents 3?years after the 2010 Yushu earthquake, then to identify possible and relational risk factors of PTSD by a cross-sectional study.